In short
Surgical technologists train in a certificate or associate program and work in the operating room, passing instruments to surgeons. Sterile processing technicians, called medical equipment preparers by BLS, often train in a short program and certify, then clean and sterilize instruments. In May 2025, surgical technologists earned a median of $64,650 and medical equipment preparers $47,700.
| Side by side | Surgical technologist | Sterile processing technician |
|---|---|---|
| Median pay (May 2025) | $64,650 | $47,700 |
| Hourly equivalent | $31.08 | $22.93 |
| Typical way in | Certificate | High school or GED |
| On-the-job training | None listed | Moderate-term on-the-job training |
| Jobs in the U.S. (2025) | 118,400 | 79,900 |
| Growth, 2025 to 2035 | 5% | 10.8% |
| Openings each year | 7,100 | 10,700 |
Source: BLS Employment Projections 2025 to 2035, national medians. Not a promise of what you will earn.
Which one fits
Choose surgical tech if you want to be part of the operation itself and can handle long, intense cases. Choose sterile processing if you want a shorter path in, little patient contact and a steadier pace. Sterile processing is also a way to learn instruments before applying to a surgical tech program.
Questions people ask
Which pays more?
Surgical technologists have a higher national median.
Can sterile processing lead to surgical tech?
Yes. Instrument knowledge helps a lot in surgical tech programs.
Which is less stressful?
Sterile processing is usually calmer, though it has its own deadlines.